Archaeological Klironomy

Archaeological Klironomy is an independent science of the Tangible Klironomy direction in the system of the Klironomical Sciences. It studies and substantiates the preservation, conservation, recovery, documentation and interpretation of archaeological cultural heritage as a special form of tangible heritage connected with the earliest and historical stages of human and social development.

1. Archaeology is the main scientific basis for Archaeological Klironomy, since it studies the past of humanity through material remains, artefacts, settlement layers, burial complexes and other tangible sources.
2. History provides the chronological, civilisational and socio-cultural context necessary for interpreting archaeological objects as evidence of human development.
3. Anthropology allows the study of ancient human communities, their social organisation, rituals, everyday life, beliefs and forms of interaction with the natural and cultural environment.
4. Geology and geomorphology help to analyse the natural conditions of archaeological sites, soil layers, sedimentation processes, erosion, landscape changes and the physical context of archaeological remains.
5. Chemistry, physics and materials science provide methods for analysing the composition, age, degradation processes and preservation conditions of archaeological artefacts made of ceramics, stone, metal, bone, wood, textile and other materials.
6. Museology and conservation science support the storage, exhibition, interpretation and long-term preservation of archaeological objects after their discovery and scientific processing.

The preservation of archaeological heritage is one of the most important tasks of cultural heritage preservation because archaeological artefacts and sites often contain unique information about the earliest stages of human life, social organisation, technologies, beliefs, migration, settlement and interaction with the environment.

Unlike many other forms of heritage, archaeological objects are frequently fragmentary, fragile and hidden under the ground or within cultural layers. Their destruction can be irreversible, because the loss of an archaeological context often means the loss of scientific information even when separate objects are physically preserved.

Archaeological sites are threatened by urban development, agriculture, illegal excavations, natural erosion, climate change, military conflicts, uncontrolled tourism and insufficient documentation. Therefore, Archaeological Klironomy is relevant as a science that defines principles and methods for identifying, protecting, conserving, restoring and interpreting archaeological heritage.

It allows society to preserve not only separate artefacts, but also the historical, cultural and spatial context in which these artefacts were created, used and discovered.

The object of Archaeological Klironomy is archaeological tangible cultural heritage, including artefacts, archaeological sites, ancient settlements, burial grounds, ritual complexes, cultural layers, tools, household objects, fragments of architecture, ancient roads, fortifications, production sites and other material traces of human activity.

The subject of Archaeological Klironomy is the processes, principles, methods and technologies of preservation, conservation, recovery, documentation, classification and interpretation of archaeological objects and archaeological sites recognized as part of tangible cultural heritage.

The aim of Archaeological Klironomy is the preservation of archaeological artefacts, archaeological sites and traces of ancient human activity as part of the tangible cultural heritage of society.

1. Analyse the condition of archaeological artefacts, archaeological sites, cultural layers and ancient settlement areas in order to determine their cultural value, preservation status and need for protection.
2. Identify, document and categorize archaeological objects and sites as elements of tangible cultural heritage.
3. Develop methods for the preservation, conservation, recovery and reconstruction of archaeological artefacts and archaeological sites.
4. Determine risks and threats to archaeological heritage, including natural degradation, human activity, illegal excavation, construction, erosion and insufficient conservation.
5. Form a scientific and methodological basis for the preservation of archaeological heritage and support educational, museum, research and public activities in this field.
6. Ensure the preservation not only of separate archaeological objects, but also of their historical, spatial and cultural context.

1. Preservation of archaeological artefacts, archaeological sites, ancient settlements, burial complexes and other material traces of human activity.
2. Conservation of archaeological objects and cultural layers in order to prevent their physical destruction and loss of scientific information.
3. Recovery of damaged or partially lost archaeological artefacts and elements of archaeological sites where this is scientifically justified.
4. Reconstruction of lost or fragmented archaeological objects, structures and contexts on the basis of verified scientific data.
5. Documentation and classification of archaeological heritage for scientific, educational, museum and cultural use.
6. Interpretation of archaeological heritage as a source of knowledge about the development of society, culture, technology, beliefs and historical memory.